Ukrainian Journal Health of Woman. 2022. 6(163): 14-21; doi 10.15574/HW.2022.163.14
Ляшко М. Б., Говсєєв Д. О.
Національний медичний університет імені О.О. Богомольця, м. Київ, Україна

Для цитування: Ляшко МБ, Говсєєв ДО. (2022). Раціоналізація підходів до ведення епізіотомної рани. Український журнал Здоров’я жінки. 6(163): 14-21; doi 10.15574/HW.2022.163.14.
Стаття надійшла до редакції 14.10.2022 р.; прийнята до друку 10.12.2022 р.

Епізіотомія – це хірургічна маніпуляція, що стала однією з найчастіших хірургічних процедур у світі. За рекомендаціями Всесвітньої організації охорони здоров’я, загальна частота епізіотомій не повинна перевищувати 10% вагінальних пологів. Незважаючи на це, у деяких розвинених країнах існують значні розбіжності в клінічному досвіді застосування епізіотомій, оскільки частота коливається в межах від 5,2% (США), 9,7% (Швеція) до 100% (Тайвань), включаючи як жінок, які народжують уперше, так і тих, хто народжує повторно.
Мета – оцінити світові дані щодо доцільності застосування рутинної епізіотомії, важливості вивчення питання загоєння та методів ведення епізіотомних ран.
Зважаючи на те, що епізіотомія продовжує використовуватися лікарями у всьому світі, постає питання в детальнішому прогнозуванні її доцільності, загоєння рани, пошуку нових підходів до ведення епізіотомної рани, попередження ускладнень.
Висновки. Результати численних досліджень вказують на важливість детальнішого вивчення питання репарації епізіотомної рани та методів лікування такої рани в післяпологовому періоді. Однак, зважаючи на значні досягненні, відображені в публікаціях щодо вивчення ведення епізіотомії, існує необхідність у пошуку оптимального підходу до ведення, прогнозування успішності епізіотомії та факторів ризику, що впливають на загоєння епізіотомної рани.
Автори заявляють про відсутність конфлікту інтересів.
Ключові слова: епізіотомія, вагінальні пологи, загоєння рани, гемостаз, запалення, запальні цитокіни, IL-1, IL-6 і TNF-α, патогени.
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