Modern Pediatrics. Ukraine. (2025).5(149): 77-84. doi: 10.15574/SP.2025.9(149).7784
Umanets T. R., Buratynska A. A.
SI «Ukrainian center of maternity and childhood of the NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv

For citation: Umanets TR, Buratynska AA. (2025). The impact of probiotics on immune response formation and the course of allergic diseases in children: the role Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Modern Pediatrics. Ukraine. 5(149): 77-84. doi: 10.15574/SP.2025.9(149).7784.
Article received: Jun 12, 2025. Accepted for publication: Sep 10, 2025.

The aim of the study is to present an overview of current data on the influence of microbiota on the formation of the immune response and the importance of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children.
Over the past decades, the prevalence of allergic diseases (AD) has been rapidly increasing, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Recent studies indicate an important role of microbiota in the development of AD. The “microbiome” or “biodiversity” theory of the occurrence of AD is based on the idea that the composition and diversity of the human microbiota, especially the intestinal one, are crucial for the formation of the immune system and tolerance to allergens. Probiotics are live beneficial microorganisms that, when taken in adequate quantities, have a positive effect on human health, including supporting the immune system, anti-infective action, lowering cholesterol levels, improving nutrient absorption, etc. Lactobacillus rhamnosus is one of the most studied strains of probiotics with potential immunomodulatory function. LGG synthesizes a biofilm, which is a mechanical protection for the mucosa, reduces apoptosis of the intestinal epithelium, maintains the integrity of the cytoskeleton, and inhibits the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. LGG also promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg) and reduces the activity of T-helper 2 cells, which play a central role in allergic inflammation. LGG is the most effective probiotic in the treatment and prevention of AD. Further studies of the immunomodulatory effects of different strains of probiotics are needed for a personalized approach in children at risk and with AD.
No conflict of interest was declared by the author.
Keywords: children, allergic diseases, probiotics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Active Flora Baby+.

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