SOVREMENNAYA PEDIATRIYA.2018.6(94):41-46; doi 10.15574/SP.2018.94.41

Raus I. V., Volokha А. P., Chernyshova L. I.
Kyiv City Clinical Hospital No. 5, Kyiv City AIDS Centre, Ukraine
Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine

Children infected with HI virus during the perinatal period are prone to severe, recurrent or uncommon infections caused by vaccine-preventable pathogens. Even in the era of antiretroviral therapy, persons living with HIV have a higher risk of developing complications from the diseases that can be prevented by virtue of vaccination.

Objective: to study the vaccination coverage and seropositivity rates of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases in children with perinatal HIV infection.

Materials and methods. Vaccination coverage and postvaccinal immunity against diphtheria, tetanus, measles, epidemic parotitis and hepatitis B have been investigated in HIV-positive children who are followed-up in the Kyiv City AIDS Centre. The level of specific immunity against pathogens controlled by vaccine was compared with the data of HIV-negative children (control group).

Results. Vaccination coverage of HIV-positive children was lower than in general population and made up 63.6% for tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis, 64.7% for polio, 46.5% for two doses of measles-mumpsrubella vaccine and 33.8% for hepatitis B. The majority of vaccinated children did not have serum antibodies to vaccination antigens, including diphtheria (79.4%), hepatitis B (77.8%), mumps (60.6%) and measles (42.4%). The concentration of specific antibodies to vaccine antigens in HIV-positive children was lower than that of HIV-negative children.

Conclusions. Early initiation of ART and vaccination after the commencement of treatment allows preserving immune defence against the vaccine-preventable infections in children living with HIV. In children who have been vaccinated before ART, there is a need to control postvaccinal immunity and booster doses of the vaccine.

Key words: HIV-infected children, vaccination, vaccine immunity.

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Article received: Mar 30, 2018. Accepted for publication: Sep 29, 2018.