Ukrainian Journal of Perinatology and Pediatrics. 2020. 1(81): 88-93; doi 10.15574/PP.2020.81.88
Romanko M. R.
Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kyiv, Ukraine

For citation: Romanko MR. (2020). Vitamin D status in young children with viral croup. Ukrainian Journal of Perinatology and Pediatrics. 1(81): 88–93. doi 10.15574/PP.2020.81.10
Article received: Sep 09, 2019. Accepted for publication: Feb 27, 2020.

Vitamin D is a hormone-regulator of mineral metabolism and has numerous extra-skeletal effects. In particular, vitamin D presents a potentially useful intervention for combating viral infection in adults and children of all ages.
Purpose — to evaluate the nutritional vitamin D status in young children with viral croup.
Patients and methods. Hospital-based survey included 80 children 4–36 months old with viral croup. Vitamin D status was evaluated by measuring serum 25(OH)D levels.
Results. Serum 25(OH)D levels in young children 4–36 months old with viral croup ranged 5.4–114.3 ng/ml (Me=31.8; QR: 18.4; 47.4). The lowest concentration of 25(OH)D was in children 24–36 months old (Me=18.8; QR: 13.2; 30.2) comparing to children 12–24 months old (Me=37.8; QR: 26,5; 58.1) and 4–12 months old (Me=43.8; QR: 35.0; 58.0) (p=0.000). Children with levels of 25(OH)D <30 ng/ml were significantly more likely to experience frequent episodes of acute respiratory infections (ARI): in 71.4±17.1% of cases vs 11.8±5.5% in children with 25(OH)D >30 ng/ml (p=0.003). Levels of serum 25(OH)D was significantly lower in children with moderate croup (Me=25.5; QR: 15.2; Q3=38.6) comparing to children with mild croup (Me=43.2; QR: 30.8; 61.5) (p=0.0001). In children with serum levels of 25(OH)D >40 ng/ml the chances of mild croup were 7.5 times higher (OR=7.56; 95% CI: 2.68–21.3).
Conclusions. Up to 70 % of children, 4–36 months old with viral croup have deficiency or insufficiency of vitamin D. The serum level of 25(OH)D <30 ng/ml is associated with higher frequency of ARI and increased risk of severe viral croup and its recurrent episodes.
The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of this Institute. The informed
consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies.
No conflict of interest were declared by the author.
Key words: vitamin D, viral croup, young children.

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