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  • Implementing preoperative bathing with 4% chlorhexidine soap as part of a surgical site infection prevention bundle: a study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among patients and healthcare personnel
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Implementing preoperative bathing with 4% chlorhexidine soap as part of a surgical site infection prevention bundle: a study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among patients and healthcare personnel

Paediatric Surgery (Ukraine). 2026. 1(90): 27-32. doi: 10.15574/PS.2026.1(90).2732

Dolinskaya M. G.1, Krupska O. V.2, Makarova I. V.3, Totska S. I.4, Aleksandrin A. V.1

1Non-governmental organization «Infection control in Ukraine», Kyiv

  1. City hospital of emergency medical care, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
  2. City hospital No.4, Mykolaiv, Ukraine
  3. City hospital No.9, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine

For citation: Dolynska MG, Krupska OV, Makarova IV, Totska SI, Aleksandrin AV. (2026). Implementing preoperative bathing with 4% chlorhexidine soap as part of a surgical site infection prevention bundle: a study of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among patients and healthcare personnel. Paediatric Surgery (Ukraine). 1(90): 27-32. doi: 10.15574/PS.2026.1(90).2732.
Article received: Dec 02, 2025. Accepted for publication: Mar 16, 2026.

Aim – to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals and patients regarding the implementation of a care bundle for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSI), including the use of pre-operative chlorhexidine bathing.
Materials and methods. Between July and August 2025, a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) study was conducted among 76 healthcare workers and 161 patients. Aim-specific questionnaires were developed for both groups.
Results. Overall, the intervention was perceived positively. Among healthcare workers, 96.1% believed that the practice either facilitated pre-operative preparation or did not increase workload. Only one patient (0.6%) reported skin dryness or irritation associated with the use of 4% chlorhexidine soap.
Additionally, 92.1% of healthcare workers and 89.4% of patients believed that pre-operative bathing could improve surgery outcomes. However, 35.6% of healthcare workers assumed that patients were not interested in learning about the evidence supporting the procedure.
Conclusions. The positive perception of pre-operative bathing with 4% chlorhexidine supports scaling up of the intervention and continued institutional support. Monitoring SSI incidence rates and using surveillance data may help improve adherence among healthcare personnel and patients to the recommended bathing protocol. The demand for 4% chlorhexidine soap in Ukraine, with the wider implementation of enhanced bathing practices, may encourage domestic manufacturers to produce such soap for use in healthcare facilities.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Keywords: surgical site infection (SSI), chlorhexidine bath, healthcare bundles, knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP).
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