PERINATOLOGIYA AND PEDIATRIYA.2019.1(77):52-57; doi 10.15574/PP.2019.77.52

Berezenko V. S., Kyian T. A., Gorobets A. O.
Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine;
SI «Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology named of academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv

Purpose. To assess physical development, nutritional habits, quantitative and qualitative compliance of the diet of adolescents with chronic gastroduodenal pathology with food hypersensitivity.

Patients and methods. 100 adolescents-patients (aged from 12 to 17 years old) with chronic gastritis and duodenitis. Patients were divided into two groups: the I group accounted for 63.1% (n=65) of adolescents with food hypersensitivity and the II group accounted for 36.9% (n=38) of adolescents without food hypersensitivity. To assess the physical development, anthropometric studies were conducted (height, weight, and determination of body mass index by using the formula BMI=kg/m²). All calculations were carried out by using the WHO AnthroPlus program for personal computers (2009). Signs of harmony and disharmony of physical development are estimated by percentile tables. Disharmonious development is determined by the difference between weight values and growth in two corridors. The analysis of the daily ration was carried out according to the questionnaires developed by us. They contained blocks of questions relating to the assessment of diet; eating fresh vegetables and fruits; visiting of «fast food» entities; the presence of histamine products, simple sugars and bakery products in the diet; as well as assessing the physical activity of the child, the amount of time spent at the computer and gadgets, staying in the fresh air.

Results. The assessment of the daily ration of adolescents allowed us to determine that children of the I group were keeping to the diet more often (61.5% (n=40)) compared to children of the II group (34.2% (n=13)), (χ²=7.2, p=0.009), (OR=3.1 (1.33–7.1)). Patients of the I and II groups spent 5 [0.3–12] hours daily at the computer and gadgets. On average, outdoor walks took <1 hour of 53.4% of children in both groups.

Conclusions. The daily ration of adolescents with chronic diseases of the gastroduodenal zone was unbalanced by qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Thus, 55.4% of adolescents with chronic diseases of the gastroduodenal zone and food hypersensitivity didn't receive enough remount of fats and had insufficient daily calories of consumed food.

Key words: adolescents, food hypersensitivity, daily ration, physical development.

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Article received: Nov 17, 2018. Accepted for publication: Mar 12, 2019.