Journal Health of Woman. 2025. 3(178): 80-85. doi: 10.15574/HW.2025.3(178).8085
Lisetska I. S., Ivanova S. V.
Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine

For citation: Lisetska IS, Ivanova SV. (2025). Cytogenetic status of the oral mucosa in young women who smoke. Ukrainian Journal Health of Woman. 3(178): 80-85. doi: 10.15574/HW.2025.3(178).8085
Article received: Mar 30, 2025. Accepted for publication: May 21, 2025.

Cytogenetic monitoring allows us to study the effects of genotoxicants, including various types of smoking, on the human body.
Аim – to study the effect of various types of smoking on cytogenetic status by analysing the karyological indicators of buccal epithelial cells of the oral mucosa in adolescent women.
Materials and methods. The cytogenetic status was studied by analysing the karyological indicators of buccal epithelial cells of the oral mucosa in 72 young women aged 18 to 24, who were divided into groups: group I – 16 people who regularly smoke traditional cigarettes; group II – 14 people who regularly smoke electronic cigarettes (vapes); group III – 16 people who regularly smoke tobacco heating devices (IQOS); group IV – 26 people without the harmful habit of smoking. Cytogenetic examination was performed on cells and nuclei of buccal epithelial cells of the oral mucosa stained with aceto-orcein. Nuclear abnormalities were examined in each preparation.
Results. In participants who smoke, a significant increase in epithelial cells of the buccal epithelium with nuclear abnormalities was found compared to the group of individuals without the harmful habit of smoking, and in women who smoke traditional cigarettes, the number of such cells was higher compared to non-smokers. In addition, participants in the study who did not smoke did not show nuclear abnormalities such as protrusions, proliferation indicators, early stage nuclear destruction indicators, or complete nuclear destruction indicators.
Conclusions. The effect of different types of smoking on cytogenetic status was studied by analysing the karyological indicators of buccal epithelial cells of the oral mucosa in adolescent women. The study found that buccal epithelial cells are sensitive to different types of smoking, which affects changes in karyological indicators. The results of the study of the cytogenetic status in adolescent women indicate the presence of cytogenetic abnormalities in smokers.
The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of the participating institution. Informed consent of the patients was obtained for the study.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Keywords: smoking, women, adolescence, buccal epithelial cells, cytogenetic status, karyological indicators.

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