SOVREMENNAYA PEDIATRIYA.2017.3(83):112-116; doi 10.15574/SP.2017.83.112

Il'chenko S. I., Chergіnec' V. І., Fіalkovs'ka A. O.
SE «Dnepropetrovsk Medical Academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine»

The purpose of the study is to examine clinical and functional features of chronic bronchitis in adolescent smokers.

Material and methods. The study involved the examination of 66 adolescents aged from 14 to 18 years (average age was 16.3±0.2 years). All patients were divided into 3 groups: the first group was consisted of 15 patients-smokers with chronic bronchitis, the 2nd group was comprised of 14 nonsmoking adoles-cents with chronic bronchitis and the comparison group, which involved 25 teenagers-smokers without respiratory symptoms. The study included the collection of anamnesis and objective examination. The status of smoking among adolescent smokers has been examined as a risk factor for the development of disease with the calculation of the smoker index and the indicator «pack/years». All patients underwent spirometry test. The strength of respiratory muscles was determined using a patented device for determining the air pressure in the respiratory tract.

Results. The analysis of features of chronic bronchitis clinical course in adolescent smokers and non-smokers showed that the number of bronchitis cases per year was practically equal. However, the duration of disease significantly differed: it prevailed among adolescent smokers and in average was 4.2±0.1 weeks, compared with 3.6±0.1 weeks (p<0.05). Smokers with CB in the period of clinical remission had significantly more respiratory symptoms. The analysis of average values of spirometric indices, maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure showed its significant reduction in adolescent smokers with chronic bronchitis compared to asymptomatic smokers. It was found that adolescent smokers with CB compared with non-smoking patients had significantly lower strength of inspiratory muscles than expiratory ones.

Conclusions. The condition of respiratory muscles affects the prognosis for the formation of chronic bronchopulmonary pathology in adolescent smokers and depends on the smoking history. The intensity of inhalation and that of exhalation are integrated indicators, which show the violation of bronchial drainage function. They can be determined by non-invasive instrumental methods and used in the screening examination of adolescent smokers to estimate the risk of chronic bronchitis development.

Key words: chronic bronchitis, adolescents, tobacco smoking, strength of respiratory muscles.

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