HEALTH OF WOMAN.2015.10(106):157–162; doi 10.15574/HW.2015.106.157 

Analysis of the Association of Placental Dysfunction with GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 Gene Polymorphism and Intrauterine Growth Retardation 

Rymarchuk М. I., Rossokha Z. I., Kyriachenko S. P., Makarchuk О. М., Horovenko N. H.

Ivano-Frankivsk national medical University

National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education P. L. Shupyk, Kiev

SI «The Reference center for molecular diagnosis of Ministry of health of Ukraine», Kyiv 

The role of placenta is related to the realization of a number of functional mechanisms of fetal growth and intrauterine development. Glutathione S-transferases are actively involved in the neutralization of lipid peroxidation products and peroxides of DNA, reducing organic hydroperoxides to alcohols and contributing to the isomerization of certain steroids and prostaglandins. The research shows that a disbalance in the system of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant protection can be the result of a decreased concentration of steroid hormones, which indirectly, by reducing the antioxidant protection, influence the pathogenetic elements of development and progression of placental dysfunction. In case of certain polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1), one observes exhaustion of the glutathione-dependent antioxidant protection and inhibition of the detoxifying function of the placenta. The research involved 105 women: the basic group included 33 women with placental dysfunction but without intrauterine growth retardation in their babies (Group I) and 17 women with placental dysfunction and intrauterine growth retardation (Group II). The reference group included 55 women (Group III) who had given birth to healthy full-term infants. We have identified association of the GSTM1deletion genotype with an increased risk of development of placental dysfunction in pregnant women (regardless of UCTD) and association of the GSTM1 allele with a decreased risk of development of placental dysfunction. It has been established that the risk of development of placental dysfunction and placental dysfunction with intrauterine growth retardation increases credibly with the dominant inheritance pattern (313AG + 313GG in comparison to 313AA). The promising prognostication models of intergenic interaction for the assessment of the development of placental dysfunction imply the analysis of GSTM1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms and for the assessment of the development of placental dysfunction with intrauterine growth retardation – of GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1. Using the aggregate analysis of combined influence of several factors, we have found out that the course of pregnancy in women with placental dysfunction, gestosis and the GSTМ1 deletion genotype is associated with a significant increase in the risk of intrauterine growth retardation. 

Key words: placental dysfunction, GST gene polymorphism, intrauterine growth retardation. 

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