Ukrainian Journal Health of Woman. 2025. 3(178): 53-58. doi: 10.15574/HW.2025.3(178).5358
Golyanovsky V. O.¹, Zagorodnya O. S.², Pyatigorets V. V.¹, Matata M. V.¹, Govsieiev D. O.^1,2
1Kyiv Perinatal Center, Ukraine
²Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine

For citation: Golyanovsky VO, Zagorodnya OS, Pyatigorets VV, Matata MV, Govsieiev DO. (2025). Cardiotocographic patterns of fetal distress in labor upon the background of various risk factors. Ukrainian Journal Health of Woman. 3(178): 53-58. doi: 10.15574/HW.2025.3(178).5358
Article received: Mar 04, 2025. Accepted for publication: May 21, 2025.

Timely diagnosis of fetal distress in the intranatal period is an important component of modern obstetric practice, especially when several risk factors are combined, such as preeclampsia, obesity, and induction of labor.
Aim – to assess the features of cardiotocographic (CTG) patterns in women with obesity, preeclampsia, and labor induction to improve the diagnosis of fetal distress.
Materials and methods. The sample included 89 patients at term (37-41 weeks) in whom an abnormal CTG recording was recorded during labor, divided into four groups: group 1 – 24 women with labor induction due to a previous pregnancy, group 2 – 25 women in labor with mild preeclampsia, group 3 – 20 women in labor with obesity of the I-II degree, group 4 – 20 women without concomitant obstetric or metabolic risk factors, with a physiological course of pregnancy and independent onset of labor. CTG parameters were analyzed: heart rate, heart rate variability, presence of decelerations and their type.
Results. Episodes of tachycardia were more characteristic of the group 1, and reduced variability – of the groups 2 and 3. Prolonged deceleration was more often an indication for delivery in the group 2 (41.6% versus 15.0% in the group 4, in the group 3 – 15.0%, in the group 2 – 12.0%), frequent complicated decelerations dominated as indications for delivery in the other groups (88.0% – in the group 2 and 85.0% – in the groups 3 and 4).
Conclusions. The results of our study confirm the relevance of a multifactorial approach to CTG analysis in patients with a complicated obstetric history. This allows not only to identify fetal distress in a timely manner, but also to increase the prognostic accuracy of CTG, which is especially important in conditions of limited resources or the need for an emergency clinical decision.
The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of the participating institution. Informed consent of the patients was obtained for the study.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Keywords: preeclampsia, obesity, induction of labor, fetal distress, cardiotocography, basal rhythm, heart rate variability, saltatory rhythm, decelerations.

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