HEALTH OF WOMAN. 2016.3(109):83–87; doi 10.15574/HW.2016.109.83 
 

Morphological and functional features of the placenta on the background of a sedentary lifestyle of a pregnant woman 
 

Gubina-Vakulik G. I., Doroganova A. V., Belyaev S. G., Nazarenko L. G.

Kharkiv national medical University

Kharkiv medical Academy of postgraduate education 
 

The objective: to research the morphological features of placenta with a sedentary lifestyle of the pregnant woman.

Patients and methods. 20 cases of term delivery in somatically healthy women in the age 20-40 years old, permanently residing in the metropolis of Eastern Ukraine. Analyzed the gestational age at the beginning of patrimonial activity, weight, height and height/weight indicator of the newborn, weight and size of the placenta, placental-fetal index. The paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, pikrofuksin by Van Gieson, gallocyanine-chromium alum by Einarsson on total nucleic acids, implemented the PAS-reaction. Immunohistochemical study was performed for the purpose of the definition of VWF in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells and syncytiotrophoblast. Calculated the number of terminal villi and total number of capillaries in the terminal villi within the area of the photograph, a measurement of thickness of sincity-capillary membranes and optical density of the Willebrand-positive cytoplasm of the villous syncytiotrophoblast.

Results. In placentas of women who lead a sedentary lifestyle, takes place the increasing degree of the intervillus fibrinoid generation, the fibrinoid replacement and sclerosing of the villi, leading to «exclusion» and decreasing the capacity, i.e. the normal functioning of the fetoplacental unit. Thinning of the syncytio-capillary membrane in the background of the increasing of VWF in the syncytiotrophblast villi, should be interpreted as the start of a compensatory mechanism, that is normalizing the exchange between maternal and fetal blood in the background of a high risk of syncytio-capillary membrane rupture and direct contact of the internal environment of the mother and fetus.

Conclusion. The obtained data provides an opportunity to understand the mechanism of occurrence of disturbances in the functioning of fetoplacental complex with a sedentary life-style of the pregnant woman that can be the basis of pathogenetically reasonable medical support for such patients.

Kew words: placenta, sedentary lifestyle, von Willebrand factor.

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