SOVREMENNAYA PEDIATRIYA.2018.6(94):47-52; doi 10.15574/SP.2018.94.47
Shevlyuk P. P., Gusakov A. D., Kurochkina T. I.
SI Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Post–Graduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukrain
CHPI Zaporizhzhia City Multi–specialty Children's Hospital No.5, Ukraine

One of the common causes of preterm delivery is intrauterine infection, which may cause the inflammatory diseases in newborns, in particular the middle ear inflammation. One of the objective methods for middle ear evaluation in children is acoustic impedancemetry, which helps to detect an exudate in the tympanic cavity, which quite often does not manifest itself clinically.

Objective: to study the middle ear status in newborns of different gestational age using tympanometry for pathological exudate identification and conduct a comparative analysis of the tympanogram indicators on a frequency of 226 Hz and 1000 Hz between full+term and premature neonates.

Materials and methods. In the neonatal pathology unit at the second stage of nursing, the functional state of the middle ear was examined in 102 newborns. The study was conducted using acoustic impedancemetry on the frequencies of 226 Hz and 1000 Hz.

Results. When conducting tympanometry with a frequency of 1000 Hz, a greater number of pathological tympanograms were found versus a frequency of 226 Hz. Moreover, when conducting high-frequency tympanometry, it was possible to exclude the "D" and "E" pathological types of tympanogram, which were often detected when using the tone of 226 Hz. Based on the findings of statistical processing of the tympanometric quantitative data, standard indicators for full-term and premature infants were established.

Conclusions. To identify the middle ear pathology in full+term and premature neonates, it is advisable to use high-frequency tympanometry, which helps to reveal concealed processes in the middle ear. The functional characteristics of the middle ear in premature infants with the postconceptual age of 36 gestation weeks do not differ from those in full-term infants.

Key words: premature newborns, acoustic impedancemetry, tympanometry.

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Article received: Apr 17, 2018. Accepted for publication: Oct 11, 2018.