• Новый взгляд на профилактику аллергии у новорожденных: возможности современных симбиотиков
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Новый взгляд на профилактику аллергии у новорожденных: возможности современных симбиотиков

SOVREMENNAYA PEDIATRIYA.2018.5(93):103-111; doi 10.15574/SP.2018.93.103

Шарикадзе Е. В., Охотникова Е. Н., Шунько Е. Е., Иванова Т. П., Бакаева Е. Н., Старенькая С. Я., Ситникова А. В.
Национальная медицинская академия последипломного образования имени П.Л. Шупика, г. Киев, Украина
Национальная детская специализированная больница «ОХМАТДЕТ» МЗ Украины, г. Киев
Научноисследовательская лаборатория FxMED, г. Киев, Украина

Цель: определение влияния симбиотика на уровень активности цитокинов у преждевременно родившихся детей и оценка контроля развития пищевой аллергии, связанной с белками коровьего молока.
Материалы и методы. В НДСБ «ОХМАТДЕТ» МЗ Украины в рамках проспективного когортного исследования было обследовано 78 детей в возрасте от 1 месяца до 4 месяцев, родившихся в сроке гестации 28–37 недель от здоровых матерей и женщин с аллергической патологией.
Результаты. Концентрация фекального TNF-α была высокой во всех группах до начала приема, однако после его применения были определены достоверные (p<0,01) различия между группами пациентов, получавшими и не получавшими симбиотик. Высокий уровень активности TNF-α до начала терапии связан с использованием антибиотиков, большим количеством родов с помощью операции кесаревого сечения, пребыванием детей в отделении интенсивной терапии и, как следствие, с высоким риском развития аллергической патологии. У детей 1-й и 3-й групп, где матери имели отягощенный аллергологический анамнез, показатели IL-10 в копрофильтрате были ниже, чем у детей здоровых матерей, что можно считать одним из факторов риска формирования аллергической патологии у детей. Достоверное (p<0,01) повышение показателей у детей, получавших симбиотик, может свидетельствовать об активизации Th1-иммунного ответа.
Выводы. Показана эффективность комбинации штамма Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG с фруктоолигосахаридами в профилактике развития аллергии у недоношенных новорожденных.
Ключевые слова: пищевая аллергия, профилактика, недоношенные новорожденные, цитокины, синбиотик, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, фруктоолигосахариды.

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Статья поступила в редакцию 26.03.2018 г., принята к печати 20.08.2018 г.